Dental Plaque: Consequences and Preventions
What is dental plaque?
Dental plaque is a sticky substance or ‘biofilm’ that collects on the surface of the teeth (1). Plaque can be colourless or slightly white, often has a ‘fuzzy feel’ and is most noticeable when the teeth are not brushed (2). It is made up of millions of tiny bacteria and can begin to form 4-12 hours after eating (1)(3).
What causes dental plaque?
Foods containing sugar and carbohydrates can cause dental plaque if left on the teeth. Cakes, sweets, dried fruits, chips and white bread are some of the most dangerous foods that encourage plaque (1). In reaction to these foods being consumed, the existing mouth bacteria release acid to break down the sugars and carbohydrates. When the acid from the bacteria, and carbohydrates and sugars from the foods mix, the healthy mouth PH can be put out of balance. This imbalance can cause further plaque growth (1).
Can dental plaque be harmful?
Dental plaque can turn hard if not removed from the surface of the tooth. The name of this hard plaque is tartar. Plaque and tartar may continue to affect the PH level in the mouth if left unattended. This can cause the tooth enamel to become weak and may result in tooth decay or dental cavities. Additionally, dental plaque is also the primary cause of gum disease. As plaque increases around the gum area it can cause an inflammatory response resulting in redness, bleeding, and bone loss (1).
How to prevent dental plaque?
Brush your teeth twice per day paying close attention to the place where the gums and teeth meet
Floss or use an interdental brush between your teeth once per day to remove bacteria and food debris from gaps between teeth
Ask your dentist to point out areas of your teeth that are difficult to reach or where you have missed brushing
Focus on a variety of nutritious foods in your diet
If you snack between meals try to focus on fresh fruit and vegetables, plain yoghurt or cheese and reduce the frequency of food intake to 5 times per day
Sip water frequently to wash away bacteria and food debris
If you are concerned about the buildup of plaque talk to your dentist about a unique oral health care plan that suits your lifestyle and health needs
To learn more about dental plaque check out our articles 'How is dental plaque detected?', and 'How can I prevent dental plaque?'. To book a consultation with Dr. Kate Amos or Dr. Sam Rosehill call 6652 3185 or book online.
References
(1) https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/tooth-plaque
(2) https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/guide/plaque-and-your-teeth
(3) https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/patient-education/patient-materials/what-is-plaque
